而自從疫苗問世之後,也越來越多施打疫苗後產生自體免疫疾病(autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants)在國際期刊中被報導。臨床上也不少患者在注射疫苗後的數週到數月被診斷為自體免疫性甲狀腺疾病。可能原因為疫苗內的PEG(polyethylene glycol)、胜肽或脂質成分誘發免疫反應,而導致體內的自體免疫抗體濃度上升,近而攻擊甲狀腺或者其他器官。包含BNT、默德納以及AZ疫苗,都有類似的案例。大部分的案例為原本就有自體免疫疾病的患者,或者直系親屬有自體免疫疾病。因此一般民眾不用過度擔心,畢竟感染新冠病毒也可能引起自體免疫疾病,更可能有嚴重的後遺症。在疫情期間,打疫苗、勤洗手、戴口罩、注意衛生習慣仍是確保健康的不二法則。而本身或家族有自體免疫疾病的民眾,在施打完疫苗後,記得多喝水、多休息,如果有任何不適,可以向您的家庭醫師或者專科醫師諮詢喔!
參考資料:
1. Subacute thyroiditis post-Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccination for COVID-19 Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2021 Dec 1;2021:21-0142.
2. Subacute thyroiditis following recovery from COVID-19 infection: novel clinical findings from an Eastern Indian cohort. Postgrad Med J. 2022 Apr 15;postgradmedj-2021-141429
3. The New Entity of Subacute Thyroiditis amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: From Infection to Vaccine. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022 Apr 12;12(4):960.
4. Manifestations of thyroid disease post COVID-19 illness: Report of Hashimoto thyroiditis, Graves' disease, and subacute thyroiditis. J Clin Transl Endocrinol Case Rep. 2021 Dec;22:100094
5. Subacute thyroiditis following COVID-19 vaccination: Case report and Society for Endocrinology survey. Clinical Endocrinology/Early View 09 March 2022